Annual report [Section 13 and 15(d), not S-K Item 405]

Document and Entity Information

Document and Entity Information - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024	Mar. 10, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-K
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2024
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Trading Symbol	RAND
Entity Registrant Name	Rand Capital Corporation
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Central Index Key	0000081955
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 12,480,000
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		2,969,814
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $0.10 par value
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity File Number	814-00235
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	NY
Entity Tax Identification Number	16-0961359
Entity Address, Address Line One	1405 Rand Building
Entity Address, City or Town	Buffalo
Entity Address, State or Province	NY
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	14203
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	false
City Area Code	716
Local Phone Number	853-0802
Document Annual Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag]	false
Auditor Firm ID	317
Auditor Location	Buffalo, New York
Auditor Name	Freed Maxick P.C. (F/K/A Freed Maxick CPAs, P.C.)
Auditor Opinion	Opinion on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position, including the consolidated schedules of portfolio investments, of Rand Capital Corporation and Subsidiaries (the Corporation) as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in net assets and cash flows and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, and the financial highlights schedule for each of the five years in the period ended December 31, 2024 (collectively, the financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements and financial highlights schedule present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Rand Capital Corporation and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, and the financial highlights for each of the five years in the period ended December 31, 2024 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Documents Incorporated by Reference	DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Portions of the Corporation’s definitive proxy statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this report.